Muslim Rule

Financing Kindness as a Society: The Rise & Fall of Islamic Philanthropic Institutions (Waqfs)

Note Last updated on August 24, 2020 Introduction From approximately the ninth century, roughly two hundred years after the death of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, charitable foundations and endowments (waqfs or awqāf)...

Dr. Khalil Abdurrashid

Who Wants the Caliphate?

Editor’s note This publication was scheduled for release before the news of the death of ISIS leader Abu Bakr Al-Baghdadi. In light of this news, we felt it even more important to release this paper to contrast...

Dr. Ovamir Anjum

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Muslims’ Collective Amnesia of the Ottoman Past—and Why We Should Reclaim Our History

Bismillah-ir-rahman-ir-rahim[1] Abstract The Ottoman dynasty, which emerged as a small beylik in Asia Minor after the conquest of Constantinople (Istanbul) in the fifteenth century, became a major world power that not...

Dr. Yakoob Ahmed

“Be Brothers”—Case Studies of Muslim Receptions of Refugees in History

Abstract In the time of the Prophet ﷺ, Muslims provided protection to asylum-seekers and the Ansar of Medina treated the Muhajirs, who were essentially refugees, like brothers. During the...

Abdul Rahman Latif

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Tolerance, Minorities, and Ideological Perspectives

The following publication is a continuation of ‘Religious Minorities Under Muslim Rule‘. Abstract Muslims and Muslim rulers are often accused of being intolerant of, and oppressive...

Dr. Tesneem Alkiek

The Structure of Scientific Productivity in Islamic Civilization: Orientalists’ Fables

Abstract The popular analysis (promulgated by Orientalists) on the rise and decline of scientific productivity in Islamic civilization dichotomizes the events of Islamic history as a conflict between religion and reason...

Asadullah Ali Al-Andalusi

Religious Minorities Under Muslim Rule

Religious minorities are often depicted as oppressed and vulnerable victims of their Muslim rulers. This portrayal, however, is far from accurate. This brief paper seeks to reorient our understanding of the rights and...